UsesUsed to treat certain type of seizures like partial onset seizures, tonic-clonic or myoclonic in people with epilepsy
Mechanism of ActionIt works by decreasing abnormal excitation of the brain
DosageIV- Adjunct in partial seizures- Initial: 500 mg twice daily on the 1st day, may increase gradually. Max: 3 g/day Monotherapy for partial seizures with or without secondary generalization- Initial: 500 mg/day, may increase gradually. Max: 3 g/day
Side EffectsDrowsiness, weakness, headache, hostility, fatigue, nervousness, dizziness, personality disorder, irritability, agitation, emotional lability, depression, mood swings, vertigo, anxiety, unsteadiness, seizures, memory loss, confusion, increased reflexes, tingling, aggression and suicidal behavior Itching, skin discoloration, rash and loss of hair Inflammation of nasopharynx, stuffy nose, inflammation of conjunctiva, blurred vision, double vision and ear pain Vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea, gastroenteritis, constipation and inflammation of pancreas Albumin in urine and urine abnormality Easy bruising, deficiency of all three blood cell types (with bone marrow suppression in some cases) Abnormal LFTs (liver function test), liver failure and inflammation Dehydration and weight loss Neck pain Increased cough, asthma and sinusitis
Warnings/PrecautionsCaution should be exercised in patients with history of liver or kidney problems, allergic reactions, patients undergoing haemodialysis, pregnancy and breastfeeding Patient may develop mood changes, suicidal thoughts It may impair ability to drive or operate machinery during initial therapy