UsesUsed for preventing nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy (in adults or children) or radiotherapy for cancer or after surgery in adults
Mechanism of ActionIt inhibits serotonin. It works on small intestine and the part of the brain that controls vomiting or nausea
DosageOral: Prevention of post-op nausea and vomiting- 16 mg 1 hour before anesthesia. Nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy- 24 mg as a single dose 30 minutes before start of single-day chemotherapy. Less emetogenic chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: 8 mg 2 hour before treatment followed by 8 mg 8-12 hour later
Side EffectsHeart- Chest pain, fast heart rate Central Nervous System- Headache, seizures, dizziness Skin- Rash Gastrointestinal- Dry mouth, constipation, abdominal pain Metabolic- Low potassium in blood, increased level of liver enzymes Respiratory- Asthma Genitourinary- Gynecological disorder, urinary retention Miscellaneous- Fever, anaphylaxis, weakness
Warnings/PrecautionsIt may affect heart rhythm, cause severe liver impairment Caution needed when used in cardiac diseases, patients who are on medications that can prolong QT or patients with electrolyte abnormalities, during pregnancy and breastfeeding It may mask progressive ileus and/or gastric distension